DOI: https://doi.org/10.61435/jbes.2026.19978

Global Research Trends on Human-Elephant Conflicts and Sustainable Plantation Management: A 30-Year Bibliometric Study

1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia

2Environmental Management, University of New South Wales, Australia

3Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organisation for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia

4 Department of Plantation Crop Cultivation, Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Indonesia

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Received: 27 Sep 2025; Revised: 18 Dec 2025; Accepted: 19 Dec 2025; Available online: 1 Dec 2026; Published: 1 Aug 2026.
Editor(s): Marcelinus Christwardana
Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract
This study visualizes worldwide study patterns on human-elephant conflicts (HEC) and sustainable cultivation management across the last three decades using a thorough bibliometric assessment. The analysis, which uses VOSviewer to combine descriptive statistics, network visualization, and content-based clustering, is based on 342 Scopus-indexed documents published between 1995 and 2025. The results show a significant increase in research output following 2015, underscoring the growing interest in conserving biodiversity in plantation-driven landscapes within scientists and policymakers. Four main thematic clusters were found through co-citation and keyword analyses: policies supporting sustainable land management, community-based conservation and collaborative governance models, conflict mitigation and crop protection strategies, and ecological investigations on elephant behavior and habitat use. The findings point to a paradigm shift toward data-driven, interdisciplinary approaches that include climate adaptation tools, machine learning-based conflict prediction, and remote sensing. This research provides a fresh viewpoint and lays a solid basis for cooperative solutions combining ecological, technological, and socioeconomic aspects by connecting HEC studies with environmentally friendly plantation practices. To promote human-elephant coexistence while maintaining plantation output, future research should fill geographic understanding gaps, enhance cross-border collaborations, and broaden predictive analytics, especially in Southeast Asia. 
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Keywords: biodiversity conservation; mitigation of human-wildlife conflicts; long-term sustainability of eco-logical systems; management of land use; thematic clustering

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Section: Review Articles
Language : EN
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