skip to main content

Utilization of Spirulina Sp. Microalgae for Oxygen Production

1Environmental health Study Program, Health Science Faculty, Dian Nuswantoro University, Jl. Imam Bonjol 207, Semarang, Indonesia 50131, Indonesia

2Medical Record Study Program, Health Science Faculty, Dian Nuswantoro University;, Indonesia

Received: 6 Sep 2025; Revised: 19 Dec 2025; Accepted: 19 Dec 2025; Available online: 19 Dec 2025; Published: 1 Aug 2026.
Editor(s): Marcelinus Christwardana
Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Cover Image
Abstract

Global warming, largely driven by rising CO₂ levels, poses a serious environmental threat. Meanwhile, the decline of green spaces, especially in cities, reduces natural CO₂ absorption. In response to this issue, this true experimental research introduced an innovative approach called Smart Microalgae Reactor, which utilizes Spirulina Sp. as an alternative CO₂ absorber to produce oxygen. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of microalgae Spirulina Sp. in capturing CO₂ through three experimental setups: Reactor 1 (2000 mL Spirulina Sp.+ 2 L/min CO₂), Reactor 2 (1500 mL + 2 L/min CO₂), and a Control (2000 mL, no CO₂). CO₂ was injected daily for 1 minute, and key parameters Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Optical Density (OD), and growth rate (μ) were measured over 13 days. The results showed Reactor 2 had the highest DO increase (12.6 mg/L, 63.64%) and fastest early growth (0.0904 day⁻¹), while Reactor 1 achieved the highest OD (1.550, 111.48%) but slower growth. The control performed weakest, confirming that added CO₂ boosts photosynthesis. The study proves that smart microalgae reactor is an effective, sustainable solution for urban CO₂ reduction, offering a viable alternative where traditional greenery is limited.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  Data Analysis
Data Spirulina CO2 Capture
Subject
Type Data Analysis
  Download (180KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: Climate Change; CO2 sequestration; Microalgae; Spirulina sp.

Article Metrics:

  1. Cervera, R., Villalba, M. R., & Sánchez, J. (2024). The Artificial Tree: Integrating Microalgae into Sustainable Architecture for CO2 Capture and Urban Efficiency—A Comprehensive Analysis. Buildings, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14124045
  2. Eldos, H. I., Tahir, F., Athira, U. N., Mohamed, H. O., Samuel, B., Skariah, S., Al-Ghamdi, S. G., Al-Ansari, T., & Sultan, A. A. (2025). Mapping climate change interaction with human health through DPSIR framework: Qatar perspective. Heliyon, 11(3), e42455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42455
  3. Gao, S., Edmundson, S., & Huesemann, M. (2022). Oxygen stress mitigation for microalgal biomass productivity improvement in outdoor raceway ponds. Algal Research, 68, 102901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2022.102901
  4. Hadiyanto, H., Widayat, & Kumoro, A. C. (2012). Potency of Microalgae as Biodiesel Source in Indonesia. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 1, 23–27
  5. Hadiyanto, H., & Widayat, W. (2014). Biofiksasi CO2 Oleh Mikroalga Chlamydomonas sp dalam Photobioreaktor Tubular. Reaktor, 15(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.15.1.37-42
  6. Hadiyanto, O. :, & Azim, M. (2012). Mikroalga Sumber Pangan & Energi Masa Depan (1st ed.). UPT UNDIP Press
  7. Klinthong, W., Yang, Y.-H., Huang, C.-H., & Tan, C.-S. (2015). A Review: Microalgae and Their Applications in CO2 Capture and Renewable Energy. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 15(2), 712–742. https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2014.11.0299
  8. Lage, S., Toffolo, A., & Gentili, F. G. (2021). Microalgal growth, nitrogen uptake and storage, and dissolved oxygen production in a polyculture based-open pond fed with municipal wastewater in northern Sweden. Chemosphere, 276, 130122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130122
  9. Politaeva, N., Ilin, I., Velmozhina, K., & Shinkevich, P. (2023). Carbon Dioxide Utilization Using Chlorella Microalgae. Environments - MDPI, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/environments10070109
  10. Sasmita, A., Reza, M., Annur, P., Harimurti, A., & Putri, A. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik Menyerap Emisi Karbon Dioksida dari Kegiatan Transportasi di Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 20(1), 33–42
  11. Satriadi, A., Wahyudi, & Yuli Christiyono. (2019). Perancangan Home Automation Berbasis NodeMCU. Transient, 8(1), 64–71. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/transient
  12. Singh, U. B., & Ahluwalia, A. S. (2013). Microalgae: a promising tool for carbon sequestration. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 18(1), 73–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-012-9393-3
  13. Skrzypczak, D., Gorazda, K., Mikula, K., Mironiuk, M., Kominko, H., Sawska, K., Evrard, D., Trzaska, K., Moustakas, K., & Chojnacka, K. (2025). Towards carbon neutrality: Enhancing CO2 sequestration by plants to reduce carbon footprint. Science of The Total Environment, 966, 178763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178763
  14. Suciati, F., & Aviantara, D. (2020). Green Technology Untuk Green Company dengan Penerapan Sistem Fotobioreaktor Penyerap Karbon Dioksida. Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan, 12. https://doi.org/10.29122/jrl.v12i1.3657
  15. Wahidin, S., Idris, A., & Shaleh, S. R. M. (2013). The influence of light intensity and photoperiod on the growth and lipid content of microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. Bioresource Technology, 129, 7–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.032
  16. Zhao, B., & Su, Y. (2020). Macro assessment of microalgae-based CO2 sequestration: Environmental and energy effects. Algal Research, 51, 102066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2020.102066

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update:

No citation recorded.

echo '
https://journals.aesop-planning.eu/ https://jurnal.pgsd.unipol.ac.id/ https://superbilisim.com.tr/ https://journal.pubalaic.org/
';