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Graphene oxide synthesis from coconut fiber powder using triple superphosphate catalyst and its potency for secondary battery electrode

1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Jl. Jacub Rais, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia

2Master Program of Energy, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Jl. Imam Bardjo SH, Pleburan, Semarang, Indonesia

3Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Indonesia, Jl. Raya Puspiptek Serpong, South Tangerang, Indonesia

4 Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Sains Teknologi BJ Habibie, Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia

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Received: 25 Jan 2024; Revised: 14 Feb 2024; Accepted: 18 Mar 2024; Available online: 22 Mar 2024; Published: 1 Aug 2024.
Editor(s): H. Hadiyanto
Open Access Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract
Coconut fiber, considered an organic waste, emerges as a promising alternative carbon source for graphene oxide production—a material characterized by its conductive nature due to oxidation and the introduction of functional groups. The synthesis process involves carbonization with varied holding times (10, 20, and 30 minutes) and the utilization of Triple Superphosphate (TSP) and Ferrocene catalysts at concentrations of 10 wt.% and 20 wt.%. Subsequently, the sonication method is employed to enhance the electrical conductivity of graphene oxide post-carbonization. Notably, the electrical conductivity tests, conducted using a sourcemeter, revealed the optimum performance at 20 minutes of carbonization duration and a 20 wt.% TSP catalyst concentration, yielding an impressive electrical conductivity of 11,489.86 S/m. These findings underscore the significance of tailored parameters in optimizing graphene oxide synthesis for applications such as high-conductivity battery anodes.  
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Keywords: Carbonization; Coconut Fiber; Electrical Conductivity; Graphene Oxide; Sonication

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